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Chapter 9 : Connected Discourses on the Unconditioned (Asankhatasamyutta) {Samyutta-43}[]
Note:- 1. The state of unconditioned(asankhata) is the state of Nirvana(vimokkha sans. vimoksha) too as it is the state when all sankhara(sans. sanskaras) are removed. (Sankharas means bad behaviour of body, speech & mind).
2. In order to understand the concepts, this entire chapter should be read up to sutta 409 as they are interlinked. Concepts are listed in initial suttas and these are explained in sutta 377.
(i) The First Subchapter (Pathamavaggo)[]
366. Body directed Meditation (Kayagatasati sans. Kayagat-smriti)[]
At Savatthi. "Bhikkhus(monks), I will teach you the unconditioned(asankhata) and the path leading to the unconditioned. Listen to that....
"And what, bhikkhus, is the unconditioned? The destruction(khaya\kshaya) of lust(raag or desire), the destruction of hatred(dosa sans dvesh), the destruction of delusion(moha): this is called the unconditioned. (note: The destruction of delusion happens when enlightenment is achieved so the state of delusion is the normal state while enlightenment is not experienced).
"And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? meditation(sati) directed to the body: 366 this is called the path leading to the unconditioned.
"Thus, bhikkhus, I have taught you the unconditioned and the path leading to the unconditioned. Whatever should be done, bhikkhus, by a compassionate teacher out of compassion for his disciples, desiring their welfare, that I have done for you. These are the feet of trees, bhikkhus, these are empty huts. Meditate, bhikkhus, do not be slothful(in pamada), lest you regret it later. This is our instruction to you."
367. Serenity-Samatha and Insight-Vippassana meditation (Samatha-vipassana)[]
"Bhikkhus(monks), I will teach you the unconditioned(asankhata) and the path leading to the unconditioned. Listen to that....
"And what, bhikkhus, is the unconditioned? The destruction(khaya\kshaya) of lust(raag), the destruction of hatred(dosa\dvesh), the destruction of delusion(moha): this is called the unconditioned.
"And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? serenity(samatha/equanimity) and insight(vipassana-meditation): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned . ...(rest same as in 366)"
368. With Thought and Examination (Savitakkasavicara sans. Savitark-savicara)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Samadhi(Trance) with thought and examination; samadhi(trance)state without thought, with examination only; samadhi(trance)state without thought and examination: 367 this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
369. Emptiness Samadhi/Trance (Sunnatasamadhi sans. Shunyata-samadhi)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The emptiness samadhi(trance)state, the noncausative(animitta) samadhi(trance)state, the undirected samadhi(trance)state: 368 this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
370. Establishments of Meditation 369 (Satipatthana sans. Smriti-prasthan)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The four establishments of meditation...."
371. Right Strivings (Sammappadhana)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The four right strivings...."
372. Organs for Spiritual Power (Iddhipada sans. Riddhipad)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The four organs for spiritual-power(iddhi\riddhi)...."
373. Spiritual Faculities (Indriya)[]
"And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The five spiritual faculties...."
374. Powers (Bala)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The five powers...."
375. Factors of Enlightenment (Bojjhanga sans. Bodhyang)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The seven factors of enlightenment...."
376. The Eightfold Path (Magganga sans. Margang)[]
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? The Noble Eightfold Path: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned.
"Thus, bhikkhus, I have taught you the unconditioned and the path leading to the unconditioned.... This is our instruction to you."
(ii) The Second Subchapter (Detailed Explanations)[]
377. The Unconditioned (Asankhata)[]
i. Serenity(Samatha/Equanimity)
"Bhikkhus(monks), I will teach you the unconditioned(asankhata) and the path leading to the unconditioned. Listen to that....
"And what, bhikkhus, is the unconditioned? The destruction(khaya\kshaya) of lust(raag), the destruction of hatred(dosa\dvesh), the destruction of delusion(moha): this is called the unconditioned.
"And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Serenity(samatha/equanimity): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned ....
"Thus, bhikkhus, I have taught you the unconditioned and the path leading to the unconditioned.... This is our instruction to you."
ii. Insight(Vipassana meditation)
... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? Insight(vipassana meditation): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
iii-viii. Samadhi
(iii) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? Samadhi(here concentration) with thought and examination: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
(iv) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Samadhi(concentration) without thought, with examination only...."
(v) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Samadhi(concentration) without thought and examination.. .."
(vi) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Emptiness samadhi(concentration)state...."
(vii) . . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? noncausative (animitta) samadhi (concentration) state...."
(viii) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Undirected samadhi(trance)state: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
ix-xii. Satipatthana, The four establishments of meditation
(ix) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu(monk) dwells watching-in-meditation(anupassi) on the body(kaya) in the body(kāyānupassī), ardent, completely comprehending (sampajano), meditative(satima), having removed covetousness and displeasure in regard to the world: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
(x) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells watching-in-meditation(anupassi) on sensations(vedana) in sensations(vedanānupassī), ardent, completely comprehending (sampajano), meditative, having removed covetousness and displeasure in regard to the world....".
(xi) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells watching-in-meditation(anupassi) on mind in mind(cittānupassī), ardent, completely comprehending (sampajano), meditative, having removed covetousness and displeasure in regard to the world...."
(xii) ... "And what, bhikkhus is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu dwells watching-in-meditation(anupassi) on phenomena(dhamma) in phenomena(dhammānupassī), ardent, completely comprehending (sampajano), meditative(satima), having removed covetousness and displeasure in regard to the world: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
xiii-xvi. The four right strivings (Sammappadhana)
(xiii) . . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu generates desire for the nonarising(anuppādā sans. anutpad) of unarisen evil harmful(akusala sans. akushal) states; he makes an effort, arouses energetic-strength(viriya), applies his mind, and strives: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
(xiv) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu generates desire for the abandoning(pahānā sans. prahan) of arisen evil harmful(akusala) states; he makes an effort, arouses energetic-strength, applies his mind, and strives...."
(xv) . . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu generates desire for the arising(uppādā sans utpad) of unarisen beneficial(kusala) states; he makes an effort, arouses energetic-strength, applies his mind, and strives...."
(xvi) . . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu generates desire for the continuance of arisen beneficial(kusala) states, for their nondecay, increase, expansion, and fulfilment by development; he makes an effort, arouses energetic-strength, applies his mind, and strives: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned ..."
xvii-xx. The four organs for spiritual-power(iddhi sans. riddhi)
(xvii) (Chandasamādhi)... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the basis for spiritual-power(iddhi\riddhi) that possesses samadhi(concentration)state due to desire and conditioning(sankhara) of striving: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned .... "
(xviii) (Vīriyasamādhi)... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the basis for spiritual-power(iddhi\riddhi) that possesses samadhi(concentration)state due to energetic-strength(viriya) and conditioning(sankhara) of striving..."
(xix) (Cittasamādhi) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the basis for spiritual-power(iddhi\riddhi) that possesses samadhi(concentration)state due to mind and conditioning(sankhara) of striving...."
(xx) (Vīmaṃsasamādhi)... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the basis for spiritual-power(iddhi\riddhi) that possesses samadhi(concentration)state due to investigation and conditioning(sankhara) of striving: this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
xxi-xxv. The five spiritual faculties
(xxi) (Saddhindriya). . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata)? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the faculty of faith(saddha sans. shraddha), which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation(nirodha), maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
(xxii-xxv) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the faculty of energetic-strength(Vīriyindriya) ... the faculty of meditation(satindriya) ... the faculty of samadhi(concentration)state(samādhindriya) . . . the faculty of illuminated-insight(paññindriya), which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
xxvi-xxx. The five powers(bala)
(xxvi) . . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the power of faith(saddhābalaṃ), which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
(xxvii-xxx) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the power of energetic-strength(vīriyabalaṃ) . . . the power of meditation(satibalaṃ) . . . . . the power of samadhi(concentration)state(samādhibalaṃ) . . . the power of illuminated-insight(paññābalam) which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
xxxi-xxxvii. The seven factors of enlightenment (Bojjhaṅga)
(xxxi) . . . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the enlightenment factor of meditation(Sati), which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
(xxxii-xxxvii) .. . "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops the enlightenment factor of discrimination-of-states(dhammavicaya) . . . the enlightenment factor of energetic-strength(viriya) . . . the enlightenment factor of bliss(piti/preeti) . . . the enlightenment factor of tranquillity(pasaddhi/prashabdhi) ... the enlightenment factor of samadhi(trance)state . . . the enlightenment factor of equanimity(upekkha), which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...."
xxxviii-xlv. The Noble Eightfold Path
(xxxviii) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops right view, which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned...." [368]
(xxxix-xlv) ... "And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the unconditioned? Here, bhikkhus, a bhikkhu develops right intention ... right speech ... right action ... right livelihood ... right effort . . . right meditation . . . right samadhi(trance)state, which is based upon seclusion, dispassion, and cessation, maturing in release(mokkha/moksha): this is called the path leading to the unconditioned.
"Thus, bhikkhus, I have taught you the unconditioned(asankhata) and the path leading to the unconditioned(asankhata). Whatever should be done, bhikkhus, by a compassionate teacher out of compassion for his disciples, desiring their welfare, that I have done for you. These are the feet of trees, bhikkhus, these are empty huts. Meditate, bhikkhus, do not be slothful(in pamada), lest you regret it later. This is our instruction to you."
378. The Uninclined 370 (Anat)[]
"Bhikkhus(monks), I will teach you the uninclined and the path leading to the uninclined. Listen to that....
"And what, bhikkhus, is the uninclined?..."
(To be elaborated in full as in 377. ) 371
379-408 The defilement-free, Etc. (Anasavadi)[]
"Bhikkhus(monks), I will teach you the defilement-free and the path leading to the defilement-free. Listen to that....
"Bhikkhus, I will teach you the truth and the path leading to the truth.... I will teach you the far shore ... the subtle ... the very difficult to see ... the unaging ... . the stable ... the undisintegrating ... the unmanifest ... the undeceived(by 6-senses) 372 ... the peaceful ... the deathless-state(nirvana) ... the sublime ... the auspicious ... ... the secure .... the destruction(khaya\kshaya) of craving(tanha sans. trishna) ... the wonderful ... the amazing ... the unailing ... the unailing state ... Nibbana ... the unafflicted ... dispassion ..... purity ... freedom ... the unadhesive ... the island ... the shelter ... the asylum ... the refuge ...."
409. The Destination (Parayana)[]
"Bhikkhus(monks), I will teach you the destination and the path leading to the destination. Listen to that....
"And what, bhikkhus, is the destination? The destruction(khaya\kshaya) of lust(raag), the destruction of hatred(dosa\dvesh), the destruction of delusion(moha): this is called the destination.
"And what, bhikkhus, is the path leading to the destination? meditation(sati) directed to the body: this is called the path leading to the destination.
"Thus, bhikkhus, I have taught you the destination and the path leading to the destination. Whatever should be done, bhikkhus, by a compassionate teacher out of compassion for his disciples, desiring their welfare, that I have done for you. These are the feet of trees, bhikkhus, these are empty huts. Meditate, bhikkhus, do not be slothful(in pamada), lest you regret it later. This is our instruction to you."
(Each to be elaborated as in 377)
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