Sandhibheda-Jātaka

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Source: Adapted from Archaic Translation by H.T. Francis and R.A. Neil
JATAKA No. 349

SANDHIBHEDA-JATAKA

"Nothing in common," etc.--This story the Master, living at Jetavana monastery, told concerning the moral rule on slander.

Once upon a time the Master hearing that the Six (*1) monks collect slanderous tales, called them to him and asked, "Is it true, Brothers(Monks), that you collect slanderous tales of such of your Brethren(Monks) as are inclined to quarrelling and dispute and debate, and that quarrels therefore, that would not otherwise arise, spring up and when they so arise have a tendency to grow?" "It is true," they said. Then he rebuked those brethren and said, "Brothers, backbiting speech is like to a blow with a sharp sword. A firm friendship is quickly broken up by slander and people that listen to that become liable to be estranged from their friends, as was the case with the lion and the bull." And so saying he told an old legend of the past.

Once upon a time when Brahmadatta was reigning in Benares, the Bodhisattva was born as his son, and after acquiring all the arts at Taxila, on his father's death, he ruled his kingdom righteously.

At that time a certain neatherd, who was tending cattle in their sheds in the forest, came home and inadvertently left behind him a cow that was in calf. Between this cow and a lioness sprang up a firm friendship. The two animals became fast friends and went about together. So after a time the cow brought on a calf and the lioness a cub. These two young creatures also by the force of family ties became fast friends and wandered about together. Then a certain forester, after observing their affection, took such wares as are produced in the forest and went to Benares and presented them to the King. And when the king asked him, "Friend, have you seen any unusual marvel in the forest?" he made answer, "I saw nothing else that was wonderful, my lord, but I did see a lion and a bull wandering about together, very friendly one towards another."

"Should a third animal appear," said the king, "there will certainly be mischief. Come and tell me, if you see the pair joined by a third animal."

"Certainly, my lord," he answered.

Now when the forester had left for Benares, a jackal served to the lion and the bull. When he returned to the forest and saw this he said, "I will tell the king that a third animal has appeared," and departed for the city. Now the jackal thought, "There is no meat that I have not eaten except the flesh of lions and bulls. By setting these two at variance, I will get their flesh to eat." And he said, "This is the way he speaks of you," and thus dividing them one from another, he soon brought about a quarrel and reduced them to a dying condition.

But the forester came and told the king, "My lord, a third animal has turned up;" "What is it?" said the king. "A jackal, my lord." Said the king, "He will cause them to quarrel, and will bring about their death. We shall find them dead when we arrive." And so saying, he mounted upon his chariot and travelling on the road pointed out by the forester, he arrived just as the two animals had by their quarrel destroyed one another. The jackal highly delighted was eating, now the flesh of the lion, and now that of the bull. The king when he saw that they were both dead, stood just as he was upon his chariot, and addressing his charioteer gave utterance to these verses:

Nothing in common had this pair, Neither wives nor food did share; Yet see how slanderous word, Keen as any two-edged sword, Did devise with cunning art Friends of old to keep apart. Thus did bull and lion fall Prey to meanest beast of all: So will all bed-fellows be With this pair in misery, If they lend a willing ear To the slanderer's whispered sneer. But they thrive exceeding well, Even as those in heaven that dwell, Who to slander never attend-- Slander parting friend from friend.

The king spoke these verses, and asking them gather together the mane, skin, claws, and teeth of the lion, returned straight to his own city.

The Master, having ended his lesson, thus identified the Birth: "At that time I myself was the king."

Footnotes:

(1)See no. 28