1.Yamaka-Mula

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=1.Yamaka-Mula(Root)= The First Chapter of Yamaka (Teaching in Pairs)

= MULA YAMAKA - PAIRS ON ROOTS =

= INTRODUCTION = Leading the BOOK ON PAIRS is the Pairs on Roots. As in all the following divisions, there are charts and diagrams used to supplement the explanations in the introductions preceding each D1V1SION as they occur in sequence. This is done to augment the clarity and for speedy understanding of the briefing in each of the introductions.

Accordingly the YAMAKA Pairs has a Ten-fold division, namely:-

Mula Yamaka              -           Pairs on Roots

Khandha Yamaka       -           Pairs on Aggregates

Ayatana Yamaka        -           Pairs on Bases

Dhatu Yamaka            -           Pairs on Elements

Sacca Yamaka             -           Pairs on Truths

Sankhara Yamaka       -           Pairs on Formations

Anusaya Yamaka        -           Pairs on Latent States

Citta Yamaka              -           Pairs on Consciousness

Dhaanma Yamaka       -           Pairs on Phenomena

Indriya Yamaka          -           Pairs on Faculties

Of these, The Buddha explained as follows:-

1.      Mula Yamaka - the. Pairs on Roots which is further sub­divided into:-

a)      Uddesa                        -           Numeration

b)      Niddesa           -           Exposition

Of the two and in brief, Uddesa (Numeration) has four sub- classifications as shown below -

a)      Wholesome word

b)      Unwholesome word

c)      Indeterminate word

d)     Mental phenomenal word

Niddesa not only uphold the above clear explanation but also expounds them in greater detail.

Furthermore, Uddesa is again two-fold when reckoned in this way-

1)      Tika - Matika (Triplet Table of contents} amounting to twenty-two-categories. while

2)      Duka - Matika (Couplet Table of contents) amounts to one hundred categories.

A brief example of the Triplet Table of contents is as follows

1)             Triplets on Wholesome state

2)       Triplets on Feeling and so on.

In greater detail, Triplet on Wholesome State is ten-fold consisting of:-

1)      Mula Vara                   -           Chapter on Root

2)      Hetu Vara                   -           Chapter on Cause

3)      Nidana Vara                -           Chapter on Source

4)      Sambhava Vara           -           Chapter on Production

5)      Pabhava Vara              -           Chapter on Birth

6)      Samuttjhana Vara       -           Chapter on Arising

7)      Ahara Vara                  -           Chapter on Nutrition

8)      Arammana Vara          -           Chapter on Object

9)      Paccaya Vara              -           Chapter on Conditional Relation

10)  Samudaya Vara           -           Chapter on Origin

Of the Ten mentioned in the above, Mula Vara is the Chapter on Roots and is four-fold as indicated below:-

1.      Kusaia Pada                -           Wholesome words

2.      Akusala Pada              -           Unwholesome words

3.      Avyakata Pada            -           Indeterminate words

4.      Kama Pada                  -           Mental words

Of the four mentioned in the aforesaid, the Wholesome Word is four-fold

1.      Method on foot

2.      Method on root condition

3.      Method on having root

4.      Method on having root condition

And said Method on roots is three-fold as enumerated below:-

1.      Pairs on the root

2.      Pairs on the same root

3.      Pairs on the mutual root

Again, of them the pairs on the root is two-fold (of questions):- and furthermore each of the question has two aspects that is:-

1.      Certain word in pair, and

2.      Uncertain word in pair

How certain? They are hereby explained.

There are twenty-one wholesome consciousnesses and thirty-eight mental factors which are classified as wholesome slates and must be understood as such.

And now how Uncertain? Given below are three roots of wholesome consciousness.

1.      Non-greed

2.      Non-hatred

3.      Non-delusion

but it is Uncertain about their being wholesome or not.

Therein the other two remaining, that are the pairs on the same root and pairs on the mutual root are similarly explained, as pairs on the root

In the same way, the three other roots which are Method on root condition. Method on having root and Method on having root-condition explained as before. .

Thus at the Method on roots, there are three types of pairs, six questions and twelve specifications.

As such, the rest of the three remaining methods, also have the same explanation all the Method on roots.

(Please refer to CHART "A” and “B” in the APPENDIX)

NIDDESA - EXPOSITION:

NIDDESA means exposition in greater detail and begins with the Chapter on ROOTS. Niddesa is also two-fold, that is

1.      Tika Matika - Triplet Table of Contents, and

2.      Duka Matika - Couplet Table of Contents

The Triple Table of Contents consists of -

1.      Triplet on the Wholesome Consciousness

2.      Triplet on the Feeling .. and so up to the twenty two categories.

Of the twenty-two categories, just mentioned the Triplet on the WHOLESOME is two-fold namely:-

1.      Chapter on Root

2.      Chapter on Cause

And so on. The Chapter on Root is four-fold:-

1.      Wholesome words

2.      Unwholesome words

3.      Indeterminate words

4.      Mental words

The Wholesome Word is again four-fold:

1.      Method on the root

2.      Method on the root condition

3.      Method on having root

4.      Method on having root condition

The Method on Root is further sub-divided three-fold:

1.      Pair on the Root

2.      Pair on the same Root

3.      Pair on the mutual Root

The Pair on the Root is two-fold as shown below:

1.      In regular order

2.      In reverse order

The Regular order is again two-fold:-

1.      Question

2.      Answer

The Question is also two-fold:

1.      Certainty

2.      Uncertainty

The rest can be similarly explained as is now done.

Please refer to the relevant CHART “C " in the APPENDIX.

To continue further in the Question its alterative is four fold:

1.      Pure Panha                   -          question in the first part

2.      Paccha Panha              -          question in the last part

3.      Panpunna Panha          -          question in complete (both) parts

4.      Mogha Panha              -          question in vain

1)      Pure Panha means quality to get optimum value of the first part of the Question.

2)      Paccha Panha means quality to get optimum value of the last part of the Question.

3)      Paripunna Panha means quality to get the optimum value of complete both parts of the Question.

4)      Mogha Panha (also known All TUCCHA PANHA) means quality to get only VOID (NOTHING) of both parts of the Question and is mentioned only because of its token participation.

VISAJJANA (ANSWER) is five-fold, shown All follows:-

1.      PALI GATI                                     -           Answer in Pali terms

2.      PATIVACANA                     -           Answer in admission

3.      SARUPADALLSANA                     -           Answer in specification

4.      PATISEDHA                         -           Answer in preventing to the last part of

uncertain words

5.      PATIKKHEPA                      -           Answer by rejecting the first half of the

certain words.

1)      Pali Gati is answering according in the pall terms.

2)      Pativacana is reply in admission with regards to the first part of certain words.

3)      Sarupadassana is answering clearly whatever specification found in the first and the last part as indicates.

4)      Patisedha is answering rejecting the last part of the UNCERTAIN word.

5)      Patikkhepa is answering rejecting the first part of the CERTAIN word.

How the Questions and Answers are inter-related or connected.

1)      If it is by questioning in the first part, then the answer is the reply in Pali Term.

2)      If it is questioning in the last part then the answer is the reply in admission.

3)      If it is questioning in the complete both parts the answers the reply is specification.

4)      If it is by questioning the firstly in vain then the answer is the reply in avoidance.

5)      If it is by questioning the secondly in vain then the answer is the reply in rejection.

With regards to the Question and Answer on the Positive and Negative basis.

Questions

1)      The questioning in the second in vain is at the positive section.

2)      The questioning in the first in vain and in the first part is at the negative section.

3)      The questioning in the last part and the complete parts are at both the positive and negative sections.

** Please see updated page no.6 **

Answers

1)      The answer in avoiding is only at the positive section.

2)      The answer in Pali Term and in rejecting are only at the negative section.

3)      The answer in admission and in specifications are both at the positive and negative sections.

(Please refer to its relevant comprehensive CHART "D" in the APPENDIX).

VIBHANGA - ANALYSIS:-

Analysis (answer) is five-fold:-

1)      PALI GATI    -          means the answer accordingly in Pali Terms.

2)      AMANTA      -          means the answer in admission (and in position terms).

3)      a) Single port   -          means answer responding to the relevant one part only.

b) Dual part      -          means the answer corresponding to All its complete whole.

4)      NO                  -           means  to answer negatively.

5)      NATTHI         -           means to answer by rejecting.

KOTTHALLA-DIVISION

The division is made up of two portions:-

1)      PURJMA KOTTHALLA       -      the first portion in both the regular and    reverse order.

2)      PACCHIMA KOTTHALLA -      the last portion in both the regular and reverse order.

Finally comes the description and reckoning according to the Universal existence found therein the Thirty-one planes.

VOKARA means the constituents (of a BEING) or Aggregates and is three-fold.

1)      EKA VOKARA         -           is the plane of non­ percipient beings having                                                   only one material aggregate.

2)      CATU VOKARA      -           is the four planes of immaterial beings having                                                four mental aggregates,

3)      PANCA VOKARA   -           All the remaining twenty-six planes

(i.e. excluding the plane of no perception and the four immaterial planes), are having five aggregates.

With this, comes the conclusion of our brief INTRODUCTION. It is our intention and wish that All will find satisfaction and pleasure in reading of YAMAKA - the BOOK OF PAIRS.

= MAIN TEXT = MULA YAMAKA

(ABHIDHAMMA PITAKA)

A Text Translation from the Pali of the Chattasangiti Edition

By

Aggamahapandita U Narada

Mula Patthana Sayadaw

Assisted by his pupils

1.      U Panna-dipa. B.A., Jambudipa Hostel. Kaba Aye.

2.      U  Indavamsa, Dhammacariya, B .A., Head of Zeyatheingi Monastery.

Thayet-taw Kyaungdaik.

3.      Thado Maha Thray Sithu U Chan Htoon. LLB, ( London ).

Barister-at-Law.

4.      U Kyaw. President, Society for the Propagation of Abhidhamma.

5.      U Tin Nwe, B.Sc.

ABHIDHAMMA PITAKA

MULA-YAMAKA

Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammasambuddhassa

Veneration to Thai Exalted, the Arahat, the Fully Self - Enlightened.

I.          ENUMERATION CHAPTER ON ROOTS.(MULA-VARA UDDESSA)

1.         SET OF FOUR METHODS ON FAULTLESS SECTION.

( KUSALA-PADA NAYA-CATUKKA)

1.      (a) All faultless states (are present).

(b) Are they all faultless roots?

(c) These faultless roots (are present).

(d) Are they all faultless states?

2.      (a) All faultless states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faultless roots?

(c) These have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

3.         (a) All these slates have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the faultless roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states? (1)

4.         (a) All faultless states.

(b) Are they all faultless root roots?

(c) These faultless root roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(a)    and (b) are questions in progressive order (anuloma).

while  (c) and (d)are those in regressive order (patiloma).

Again  (a) and (c) are ascertainments (samnitthana), while (b)

and      (d) are doubts (samsaya)

(1)   In the Text “ mula mula” occurs having no other significance than a single word 'mula'  but it is according to individual disposition.

5. (a) All faultless states.

(b) Have they all the same word root roots as the faultless roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

6.      (a)  All these states have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(b)    Have they all mutual root roots with the faultless roots?

(c)     These have mutual root roots with the faultless roots.

(d)   Are they all faultless states? (2)

7.      (a) All faultless states.

(b)  Have they all faultless roots?

(c)  These have faultless roots.

(d)  Are they all faultless states?

8.      (a) All faultless states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faultless roots?

(c)  These have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless stales?

9.         (a) All  these states have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the faultless roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the faultless roots.

(d) Are they faultless slates? (3)

10.       (a) All  faultless states.

(b)  Have they all faultless root roots?

(c) These have faultless root roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

11.       (a) All  faultless states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the faultless roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(e)    Are they all faultless states?

12.       (a) All these stales have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the faultless roots?

(c) These have mutual root roots with the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states? (4)

2.SET OF FOUR METHODS ON FAULTY SECTION.

(AKUSAUVPADA NAYA-CATUKKA ).

13.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Are they all faulty roots?

(c) These faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty slates?

14.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faulty roots?

(c) These have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

15.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(b)  Have they all mutual roots with the faulty roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the faulty roots.

(d)  Are they all faulty states? (1)

16.       (a) All faulty states.

(b)  Are they all faulty root roots?

(c) These faulty root roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

17.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the faulty roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states? (2)

18.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the faulty roots.

(b)  Have they all mutual root roots with the faulty roots?

(c) These have mutual root roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states? (2)

19.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all faulty roots?

(c) These have faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

20.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faulty roots?

(c)  These have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

21.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(b)  Have they all mutual roots with the faulty roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

22.       (a) All faulty states.

(b)  Have they all faulty root roots?

(c) These have faulty root roots.

(d) Are they all faulty slates?

23.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the faulty roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the faulty roots

(d) Are they all faulty states?

24.       (a) All  these states have the same root roots as the faulty roots?

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the faulty roots?

(c) These have mutual root roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states? (4)

3.SET OF FOUR METHODS ON INDETERMINATE SECTION.

( AVYAKATA-PADA NAYA-CATUKKA ).

25.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Are they all indeterminate roots?

(c) These indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

26.       (a) All  indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the indeterminate roots?

(c) These have the same roots as the indeterminate roots.

(d)  Are they all indeterminate states?

27.       (a) All  these states have the same roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the indeterminate roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states? (1)

28.       (a) All  indeterminate states.

(b) Are they all indeterminate root roots.

(c) These indeterminate root roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate stales?

29.       (a) All  indeterminate states.

(b) Have they All the same root roots as the indeterminate roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

30.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b)  Have they all mutual root roots as the indeterminate roots?

(c) These have mutual root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states? (2)

31.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they indeterminate roots?

(c) These have indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

32.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the indeterminate roots?

(c) These have the same roots as the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

33.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the indeterminate roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they All indeterminate states? (3)

34.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all indeterminate root roots?

(c) These have indeterminate root roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

35.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the indeterminate roots?

(c)   These have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

36.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b) Have they All mutual root roots with the indeterminate roots?

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states? (4)

4.SET OF FOUR  METHODS ON MENTAL SECTION.

( NAMA-PADA NAYA-CATUKKA )

37.       (a) All mental stales.

(b) Are they all menial roots?

(c) These mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental states'7

38.       (a) All mental stales.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the mental roots?

(c) These have the same roots as the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental states?

39.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the mental roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental stales? (1)

40.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Are they all mental root roots?

(c) These mental root roots.

(d) Are they all mental stales?

41.       (a) All  mental states.

(b) Have they all the same root  roots as the mental roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental states?

42.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the mental roots?

(c) These have mutual root roots with the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental stated? (2)

43.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all mental roots?

(c) These have mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental stales?

44.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the mental roots?

(c) These have the same roots as the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental states?

45.       (a) All these stages have the same roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the mental roots?

(c) These have mutual roots with the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental stated? (3)

46.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all mental root roots?

(c) These have mental root roots.

(d) Are they all mental stales?

47.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the mental roots?

(c) These have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental stales?

48.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the mental roots?

(c) These have mutual root roots with the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental states? (4)

End of Enumeration Chapter on Roots.

2-10. ENUMERATION OF CAUSE CHAPTER ETC.

(HETU VARA-DI UDDESA)

49. All faultless states. Are they all faultless cause (hetu)?..... faultless sources (nidana)... faultless bases (sambhava). . . . faultless originations (pabhava). . . faultless geneses (samutthana). . . faultless nutriments (ahara). . . faultless supports ( arammana). . . faultless conditions (paccaya). . . faultless origins (samudaya) ....

Thus:   root,     cause,  source, basis, origination, genesis, nutriment, support, condition and origin.

END OF ENUMERATION CHAPTER.

I.                   EXPOSITION CHAPTER ON ROOTS.

( MULAVARA NIDDESA )

1.         SET OF FOUR METHODS ON FAULTLESS SECTION.

( KUSALA-PADA NAYA-CATUKKA ).

50.       (a) All faultless states (are present).

(b) Are they all faultless roots?

(a+b) Only three are faultless roots (which are both faultless states and faultless roots).

(a)     The remaining are faultless slates, not faultless roots.

(c)  These faultless roots (are present).

(d) Are they all faultless stales?

(c+d) Yes (they are).

51.       (a) All faultless stales.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faultless roots?

(a+b) Yes.

(c) These have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c) Faultless mind-produced matter has the same root as the faultless root, not

faultless ( state).

(c+d) Faultless ( state ) has the same root as the faultless root and is also faultless (state).

52.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(b) Have they ail mutual roots with the faultless roots?

(a+b) These faultless roots, which arise together, have both the same roots and mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the faultless roots, have the same roots as the faultless roots but no mutual roots.

(c)  These have mutual roots with the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c+d) Yes. (1)

53.       (a) All faultless states.

(b)  Are they all faultless root roots?

(a+b) Only three are faultless root roots ( which are both faultless states and         faultless root roots).

(a)    The remainings are faultless states, not faultless root roots.

(c) These faultless root roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c+d) Yes.

54.       (a) All faultless states.

(b)  Have they all the same root roots as the faultless roots?

(a+b) Yes.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c) Faultless mind-produced matter has the same root roots as the faultless

root, not faultless ( state ).

(c+d) Faultless (state ) has the same root roots as the faultless root and is also

faultless ( s/a/e).

55.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the faultless roots?

(a+b) These faultless roots, which arise together, have both the same root roots and mutual root roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the faultless roots, have the

(b)    same root roots as the faultless roots but no mutual root roots.

(c) These have mutual root roots with the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c+d}Yes. (2)

56.          (a) All faultless states.

(b) Have they all faultless roots?

(a+b) Yes.

(c) These have faultless roots.

(d)   Are they all faultless states?

(c) Faultless mind-produced matter has faultless root, (but is) not faultless

(state).

(c+d) Faultless ( state ) has faultless root and is also faultless (state).

57.       (a) All faultless states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faultless roots?

(a+b) Yes.

(c) These have the same roots as the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless slates?

(c)  Faultless mind-produced matter has the same root as the faultless root,             ( but is) not faultless (state).

(c+d) Faultless (state) has the same root as the faultless root and is also faultless (state).

58.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the faultless roots. .

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the faultless roots?

58        (a+b)    These faultless roots, which arise together, have both the same roots

and mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the faultless roots have the

same root as the faultless roots but no mutual roots.

(c)  These have mutual roots with the faultless roots.

(c)    Are they all faultless states?

(c+d) Yes. (3)

59.       (a) All faultless states.

(b)  Have they all faultless root roots?

(a+b) Yes.

(c) These have faultless root roots;

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c) Faultless mind-produced matter has the faultless root roots, (but is ) not

faultless ( state}.

(c+d) Faultless (state) has faultless root roots and is also faultless (state).

60.       (a) All faultless states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the faultless roots?

(a+b) Yes.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(d)    Are they all faultless states?

(c)  Faultless mind-produced matter has the same root roots as the faultless

root,(but is) not faultless (state).

(c+d) Faultless (state) has the same root roots as the faultless root and is also faultless (state).

61.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the faultless roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the faultless roots?

(a+b) These faultless root roots, which arise together, have both the same root roots  as the mutual root roots,

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with  the faultless root roots, have

the same root roots as the faultless roots but no mutual roots.

(c) These have mutual root roots with the faultless roots.

(d) Are they all faultless states?

(c+d) Yes. (4)

2.SET OF FOUR METHODS ON FAULTY SECTION.

(AKUSALA-PAOA  NAYA-CATUKKA).

62.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Are they all faulty roots?

(a+b) Only three are faulty roots (which are both faulty states and faulty roots).

(a)    The remainings are faulty states, not faulty roots.

(c)  These faulty roots.

(e)    Are they all faulty states?

(c+d) Yes.

63.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the faulty roots?

(a) Rootless faulty (state) has not the same root as the faulty root.

(a+b) Rootless faulty (state) has the same root as the  faulty root.

(c)  These have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c) Faulty mind-produced matter has the same root as the  faulty root, not faulty ( state ).

(c+d) Faulty (state) has the same root as the faulty root and is also faulty (state).

64.       (a)  All these states have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the faulty roots?

(a+b) These faulty roots, which arise together, have both  the same roots and  mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the faulty roots, have the same  roots as the faulty roots but no mutual roots.

(c)  These have mutual roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c+-d) Yes. (1)

65.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Are they all faulty root roots?

(a+b) Only three are faulty root roots (which are both faulty sates and roots).

(a) The remainings are faulty states, not faulty root roots.

(c)   These faulty root roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c+d) Yes.

66.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all same root roots as the faulty roots?

(a) Rootless faulty (state) has not the same root as the faulty root.

(a+b) Rootless faulty (state) has the same root roots as the  faulty root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c) Faulty mind-produced matter has the same root roots  as the faulty root, not faulty ( state ).

(c+d) Faulty (state) has the same root roots as the faulty

root and is also faulty (state).

67.       (a)  All these states have the same root roots as the faulty

roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the faulty roots?

(a+b) These faulty root roots, which arise together, have both

the same root roots and  mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the faulty roots, have the same root roots as the faulty roots but no mutual root roots.

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c+-d) Yes. (2)

68.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all faulty roots.

(a) Rootless faulty (state) has not the faulty root.

(a+b) Rootless faulty (state) has the faulty root.

(c)  These have faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c) Faulty mind-produced matter has faulty root, (but is)

not faulty ( state ).

(c+d) Faulty (state) has the faulty root and is also faulty (state).

69.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all same roots as the faulty roots?

(a) Rootless faulty (state) has not the same root as the

faulty root.

(a+b) Rootless faulty (state) has the same root as the

faulty root.

(c)  These have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c) Faulty mind-produced matter has the same root

as the faulty root (but is ) not faulty ( state ).

(c+d) Faulty (state) has the same root as the faulty

root and is also faulty (state).

70        (a) All these states have the same roots as the faulty roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the faulty roots?

(a+b) These faulty roots, which arise together have both

the same roots and mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the faulty

roots have the same roots as the faulty roots but no mutual roots.

(c)   These have mutual roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c+d) Yes. (3)

71.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all faulty root roots?

(a) Rootless faulty (state) has not the faulty root roots,

(a+b) Rooted faulty (state ) has the faulty root roots.

(c)  These have faulty root roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c)  Faulty mind-produced matter has thee faulty root roots (but is) not

faulty (state ).

(c+d) Faulty (state) has the faulty root roots and is also faulty (state).

72.       (a) All faulty states.

(b) Have they all same root roots as the faulty roots?

(a) Rootless faulty (state) has not the same root roots as the

faulty root.

(a+b) Rootless faulty (state) has the same root roots as the

faulty root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c) Faulty mind-produced matter has the same root roots

as the faulty root (but is ) not faulty ( state ).

(c+d) Faulty (state) has the same root roots as the faulty

root and is also faulty (state).

73.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the faulty roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the faulty roots?

(a+b) These faulty roots, which arise together, have both the same

root roots and mutual root roots.

(a) The remaining, which are conascent with the faulty roots, have the

same root roots as the faulty roots but no mutual root roots.

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the faulty roots.

(d) Are they all faulty states?

(c+d) Yes. (4)

3.      SET OF METHODS ON INDETERMINATE  SECTION

(AYYAKATA-PADA  NAYA CATUKKA)

74.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Are they all indeterminate roots?

(a+b) Only three are indeterminate roots (which are both

indeterminate state and indeterminate roots).

(a) The remainings are indeterminate states, not indeterminate roots.

(c)  These indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes.

75.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same roots as the indeterminate roots?

(a) Rootless indeterminate state has not the same root as the indeterminate root

(a+b) Rootless indeterminate (state) has the same root as the indeterminate root.

(c)  These have the same roots as the indeterminate roots

(d) Are they all the indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes.

76.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the indeterminate roots. .

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the indeterminate roots?

(a+b) These indeterminate roots, which arise together, have both the same roots and mutual roots.

(a) The remainings, which are conascent with the indeterminate roots, have the same roots as the indeterminate roots but no mutual roots.

(c)  These have mutual roots with the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they are indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes. (1)

77.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Are they all indeterminate root roots?

(a+b) Only three are indeterminate root roots ( which are both indeterminate root roots).

(a)    The remaining are indeterminate states, not indeterminate root roots.

(c)  These indeterminate root roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes.

78.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the indeterminate roots?

(a)  Rootless indeterminate ( state) has not the same root roots as the indeterminate root.

(a+b) Rooted indeterminate ( state) has the same root roots as the indeterminate root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate stales?

(c+d) Yes.

79.       (a) All these stales have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the indeterminate roots?

(a+b) These indeterminate roots, which arise together, have both the

same root roots and mutual root roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the indeterminate roots, have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots but no mutual root roots.

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the indeterminate root roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes. (2)

80.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all indeterminate roots?

(a)  Rootless indeterminate (state) has not indeterminate root.

(a+b) Rooted indeterminate (state) has indeterminate root.

(c)  These have indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate stales?

(c+d) Yes.

81.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the indeterminate roots?

(a)  Rootless indeterminate (state) has not the same root as the indeterminate root.

(a+b) Rooted indeterminate (state) has the same root as the indeterminate root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate stales?

(c+d) Yes.

82.       (a) All these states have the same roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the indeterminate roots?

(a+b) These indeterminate roots, which arise together, have both the same roots and mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the indeterminate roots, have the same roots as the indeterminate roots but no mutual roots.

(c)  These have mutual roots with the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes. (3)

83.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all indeterminate root roots?

(a)  Rootless indeterminate (state) has not the indeterminate root roots.

(a+b) Rooted indeterminate (state) has the indeterminate root roots.

(c)  These have the indeterminate root roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate stales?

(c+d) Yes.

84.       (a) All indeterminate states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the indeterminate roots?

(a)  Rootless indeterminate ( state) has not the same root roots as the indeterminate root.

(a+b) Rooted indeterminate ( state) has the same root roots as the indeterminate root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they ail indeterminate stales?

(c+d) Yes.

85.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the indeterminate roots?

(a+b) These indeterminate roots, which arise together, have both the root roots and mutual root roots.

(a) The remainings, which are conascent with the indeterminate roots, have the same root roots as the indeterminate roots but no mutual root roots.

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the indeterminate roots.

(d) Are they all indeterminate states?

(c+d) Yes. (4)

4.      SET OF FOUR METHODS ON MENTAL SECTION

( NAMA-PADA-NAYA-CATUKKA ).

86.       (a)  All mental states.

(b)  Are they all mental roots?

(a+b) Only nine are mental roots (which are both mental states and mental roots).

(a) The remainings are mental states, not mental roots.

(c)   These mental roots.

(b)    Are they all mental states?

(c+d) Yes.

87.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all the roots as the mental roots?

(a) Rootless mental state has not the same as the mental root.

(a+b) Rooted mental (state) has the same root as the mental root

(c)   These have the same roots as the mental roots.

(d) Are they all mental states?

(c)  Mental mind-produced matter has the same root as the mental root, not mental (state ).

(c+d) Mental (state) has the same root as the mental root and is also mental (state).

88.      (a) All these states have the same roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the mental roots?

(a+b) These menial roots, which arise together, have both

the same roots and mutual roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the mental roots, have the same roots as the mental roots but no mutual roots,

(c)  These have mutual roots with the mental roots.

(d)   Are they all mental slates?

89.       (a)  All mental states.

(b) Are they all mental root roots?

(a+b) Only nine are mental root roots (which are both mental states

and mental root roots).

(a)    The remainings are mental states, not mental root roots.

(c)   These mental root roots.

(d)   Are they all mental states?

(c+d) Yes.

90.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the mental roots.

(a)  Rootless mental state has not the same root roots as the mental root.

(a+b) Rooted mental (state) has the same root roots as the mental root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(d)   Are they all mental states?

(c)  Mental mind-produced matter has the same root roots as the mental root, not mental (state ).

(c+d) Mental (state ) has the same root roots as the mental root and is also mental (state ).

91.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the mental roots,

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the mental roots?

(a+b) These mental roots, which arise together, have both the same

root roots and mutual root roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the mental roots, have the same root roots as the mental roots but no mutual root roots.

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the mental roots.

(d)    Are they all mental states?

(c+d)  Yes       (2)

92.       (a) All mental states.

(b)  Have they all mental roots?

(a) Rootless mental (state ) has the mental root.

(a+b) Rooted mental (state) has the mental root.

(c)  These have mental roots.

(d)   Are they all mental states?

(d)   Mental mind-produced matter has the mental root.

(but is) not mental (state).

(c+d) Mental (state) has the mental root and is also mental (state).

93.       (a) All mental states.

(a) Have they all the same roots as the mental roots?

(a) Rootless mental ( state ) has not the same root as the mental root.

(a+b) Rooted mental (state ) has the same root as the mental root.

(c)  These have the same roots as the mental roots.

(d)    Are they all mental states?

(c)  Mental mind-produced matter has the same root as the mental root, (but is ) not mental (state).

(c+d) Mental (state) has the same root as the mental root and is also mental (state).

94.       (a)  All these states have the same roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual roots with the mental roots?

(a+b) These mental roots, which arise together, have both

the same roots and mutual roots.

(a) The remaining, which are conascent with the mental roots, have the same roots as the mental roots but no mutual roots..

(c)  These have mutual roots with the mental roots.

(d) Are they ail mental states?

(c+d) Yes. (3)

95.       (a) All mental slates.

(b) Have they all mental root roots?

(a) Rootless mental (state ) has not the mental root roots.

(a+b) Rooted mental (state ) has the mental root roots.

(c)  These have mental root roots.

(d) Are they all mental states?

(c)  Mental mind-produced matter has the mental root roost, ( but is) not mental ( state ).

(c+d) Mental ( state) has the mental root roots and is also mental

(state).

96.       (a) All mental states.

(b) Have they all the same root roots as the mental roots?

(a) Rootless menial (state) has not the same root root as the mental root.

(a+b) Rooted mental (state) has the same root root as the mental root.

(c)  These have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(d)   Are they all mental states?

(c)  Mental mind-produced matter has the same root root as the

mental root, (but is) not mental (state ).

(c+d) Mental (state) has the mental root root as the mental root and is also mental (state).

97.       (a) All these states have the same root roots as the mental roots.

(b) Have they all mutual root roots with the mental roots?

(a+b) These mental roots, which arise together, have both the same root roots and mutual root roots.

(a)    The remainings, which are conascent with the mental roots, have the same root roots as the mental roots but no mutual root roots.

(c)  These have mutual root roots with the mental roots.

(d) Are they all menial states?

(c+d) Yes. (4)

2.         10. EXPOSITION OF CAUSE CHAPTER ETC.

(HETU  VARADI   NIDDESA).

98.       (a) All faultless states.

(b) Are they all faultless causes?

(a+b) Only three are faultless causes ( which are both faultless states and faultless causes)

(a) The remainings are faultless states, not faultless causes... faultless sources ... faultless bases….. faultless originations ... faultless geneses. … faultless nutriments ... faultless supports…. faultless conditions ….. faultless origins.

99.       All faulty states. All indeterminate states. All mental states. Are they all mental causes?..... mental sources ... mental bases. . . mental originations mental geneses .. . mental nutriments. . . mental supports. . . mental conditions. . .  mental origins.

Thus: Root, Cause, Source. Bases, Origination. Genesis, Nutriment, Support. Condition and Origin.

END OF EXPOSITION CHAPTER

END OF MULA YAMAKA.

( MULA YAMAKA PALI NITTHITA.